The publications cited in the text (in parentheses) are listed here by reference number.

1 Abdul-Baki, A. A. et al. 1997. Broccoli production in forage soybean and foxtail millet cover crop mulches. HortSci. 32:836-839.

2 Abdul-Baki, A. A. and J. R. Teasdale. 1993. A no-tillage tomato production system using hairy vetch and subterranean clover mulches. HortSci. 28:106-108.

3 Abdul-Baki, A. A. and J. R. Teasdale. 1997. Snap bean production in conventional tillage and in no-till hairy vetch mulch. HortSci. 32:1191-1193.

4 Abdul-Baki, A. A. and J. R. Teasdale. 1997. Sustainable Production of Fresh-Market Tomatoes and Other Summer Vegetables with Organic Mulches. Farmers’ Bulletin No. 2279, USDA /ARS, Beltsville, MD.

5 Alabouvette, C., C. Olivain and C. Steinberg. 2006. Biological control of plant diseases: the European situation. European J. of Plant Path. 114:329-341.

6 Alger, J. 2006. Personal communication. Stanford, Mont.

7 Al-Sheikh, A. et al. 2005. Effects of potato-grain rotations on soil erosion, carbon dynamics and properties of rangeland sandy soils. J. Soil Tillage Res. 81:227-238.

8 American Forage and Grassland Council National Fact Sheet Series. Subterranean clover.

9 Angers, D. A. 1992. Changes in soil aggregation and organic carbon under corn and alfalfa. Soil Sci. Soc.Am. J. 56:1244-1249.

10 ATTRA. 2006. Overview of Cover Crops and Green Manures. ATTRA. Fayetteville, Ark. http://attra.ncat.org/attra-pub/PDF/covercrop.pdf

11 ATTRA. Where can I find information about the mechanical roller-crimper used in no-till production? http://attra.ncat.org/calendar/question.php/2006/05/08/p2221

12 Arshad, M. A. and K. S. Gill. 1996.Crop production, weed growth and soil properties under three fallow and tillage systems. J. Sustain. Ag. 8:65-81.

13 Ashford, D. L. and D. W. Reeves, 2003. Use of a mechanical roller-crimper as an alternative kill method for cover crops. Amer. J. Alt. Ag. 18:37-45.

14 Badaruddin, M. and D. W. Meyer. 1989. Water use by legumes and its effects on soil water status. Crop Sci. 29:1212-1216.

15 Badaruddin, M. and D. W. Meyer. 1990.Green manure legume effects on soil nitrogen, grain yield, and nitrogen nutrition of wheat. Crop Sci. 30:819-825.

16 Bagegni, A. M. et al. 1994. Herbicides with crop competition replace endophytic tall fescue (Festuca arundinacae). Weed Tech. 8:689-695.

17 Bailey, R. G. et al. 1994. Ecoregions and subregions of the United States (map).Washington, DC:USDA Forest Service.1:7, 500,000. With supplementary table of map unit descriptions, compiled and edited by W. H. McNab and R. G. Bailey. https://www.fs.usda.gov/rmrs/datasets/baileys-ecoregions-and-subregions-united-states-puerto-rico-and-us-virgin-islands.

18 Ball, D. M. and R. A. Burdett. 1977. Alabama Planting Guide for Forage Grasses. Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Chart ANR 149. Auburn Univ., Auburn, Ala.

19 Ball, D. M. and R. A. Burdett. 1977. Alabama Planting Guide for Forage Legumes. Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Chart ANR 150. Auburn Univ., Auburn, Ala.

20 Barker, K. R. 1996. Animal waste, winter cover crops and biological antagonists for sustained management of Columbia lance and other nematodes on cotton. SARE Project Report #LS95- 060.1. Southern Region SARE. Griffin, GA. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LS95-060.1

21 Barnes, R. F. et al. 1995. Forages: The Science of Grassland Agriculture. 5th Edition. Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames, Iowa.

22 Bauer, P. J. et al. 1993.Cotton yield and fiber quality response to green manures and nitrogen. Agron. J. 85:1019-1023.

23 Bauer, P. J., J. J. Camberato and S. H. Roach. 1993.Cotton yield and fiber quality response to green manures and nitrogen. Agron. J. 85:1019- 1023

24 Bauer P. J. and D. W. Reeves. 1999. A comparison of winter cereal species and planting dates as residue cover for cotton grown with conservation tillage. Crop Sci. 39:1824–1830.

25 Baumhardt, R. L. and R. J. Lascano. 1996. Rain infiltration as affected by wheat residue amount and distribution in ridged tillage. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 60:1908-1913.

26 Baumhardt, R. L. 2003. The Dust Bowl Era. In B. A. Stewart and T. A. Howell (eds.) Encyclopedia of Water Science, pp. 187-191. Marcel-Dekker, NY.

27 Baumhardt, R. L. and R. L. Anderson. 2006. Crop choices and rotation principles. In G. A. Peterson, P. W. Unger, and W. A. Payne (eds.) Dryland Agriculture, 2nd ed. Agronomy Monograph No. 23. pp. 113-139. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI.

28 Baumhardt, R. L. and R. J. Lascano. 1999. Water budget and yield of dryland cotton intercropped with terminated winter wheat. Agron. J. 91:922-927.

29 Baumhardt, R. L. and J. Salinas-Garcia. 2006. Mexico and the US Southern Great Plains. In G. A. Peterson, P. W. Unger, and W. A. Payne (eds.) Dryland Agriculture, 2nd ed. Agronomy Monograph No. 23. pp. 341-364.ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI.

30 Beale, P. et al. 1985. Balansa Clover— a New Clover-Scorch-Tolerant Species. South Australia Dept. of Ag. Fact Sheet.

31 Beste, C. E. 2007. Personal communication. Univ. of Maryland-Eastern Shore, Salisbury, MD.

32 Blackshaw, R. E. et al. 2001a.Yellow sweetclover, green manure, and its residues effectively suppresses weeds during fallow. Weed Sci. 49:406-413.

33 Blackshaw, R. E. et al. 2001b. Suitability of undersown sweetclover as a fallow replacement in semiarid cropping systems. Agron. J. 93:863- 868.

34 Blaser, B.C. et al. 2006.Optimizing seeding rates for winter cereal grains and frost-seeded red clover intercrops. Agron J. 98:1041-1049.

35 Bloodworth, L. H. and J. R. Johnson. 1995. Cover crops and tillage effects on cotton. J. Prod. Ag. 8:107-112.

36 Boquet, D. J. and S. M. Dabney. 1991. Reseeding, biomass, and nitrogen content of selected winter legumes in grain sorghum culture. Agron. J. 83:144-148.

37 Bordovsky, D. G., M. Choudhary and C. J. Gerard. 1998. Tillage effects on grain sorghum and wheat yields in the Texas Rolling Plains. Agron. J. 90:638–643.

38 Bowman, G. 1997. Steel in the Field: A Farmer’s Guide to Weed Management Tools. USDA-Sustainable Agriculture Network (SAN). Beltsville, MD.

39 Boydston, R. A. and K. Al-Khatib. 2005. Utilizing Brassica cover crops for weed suppression in annual cropping systems. pp. 77-94. In H. P. Singh, D. R. Batish and R. K. Kohli (eds.). Handbook of Sustainable Weed Management. Haworth Press, Binghamton, NY.

40 Bradow, J. M. and J. C. William Jr. 1990. Volatile seed germination inhibitors from plant residues. J. Chem. Ecol. 16:645-666.

41 Bradow, J. M. 1993. Inhibitions of cotton seedling growth by volatile ketones emitted by cover crop residues. J. Chem. Ecol. 19:1085-1108.

42 Brady, N.C. 1990. The Nature and Properties of Soils. Macmillan Pub. Co., N.Y.

43 Brainard. D. 2005. Screening of cowpea and soybean varieties for weed suppression. Cornell Univ.

44 Brandt, J. E., F. M. Hons and V. A. Haby. 1989. Effects of subterraneum clover interseeding on grain yield, yield components, and nitrogen content of soft red winter wheat. J. Prod. Agric. 2:347-351.

45 Brennan, E.B. and R.F. Smith. 2005.Winter cover crop growth dynamics and effects on weeds in the Central Coast of California. Weed Tech. 119: 1017-1024.

46 Brinsfield, R. and K. Staver. 1991. Role of cover crops in reduction of cropland nonpoint source pollution. Final Report to USDA-SCS, Cooperative Agreement #25087.

47 Brinton, W. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

48 Brown, P. D. and M. J. Morra. 1997. Control of soil-borne plant pests using glucosinolate-containing plants. pp. 167–215. In: D. L. Sparks (ed.) Adv. Agron. Vol. 61.Academic Press, San Diego, Ca.

49 Brown, S. et al. 2001. Tomato Spotted Wilt of Peanut: Identifying and Avoiding High-Risk Situations. Univ of Georgia Cooperative Extension Service Bulletin 1165.Univ of Georgia, Athens, GA.

50 Bruce, R. R, P. F. Hendrix and G. W. Langdale. 1991. Role of cover crops in recovery and maintenance of soil productivity. pp.109-114. In W. L. Hargrove (ed.). Cover Crops for Clean Water. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, Iowa.

51 Bruce, R. R., G. W. Langdale and A. L. Dillard. 1990. Tillage and crop rotation effect on characteristics of a sandy surface soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 53:1744-1747.

52 Bruce, R. R. et al. 1992. Soil surface modification by biomass inputs affecting rainfall infiltration. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 56:1614-1620.

53 Brunson, K. E. 1991. Winter cover crops in the integrated pest management of sustainable cantaloupe production. M. S. Thesis. Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA.

54 Brunson, K. E. and S.C. Phatak. 1990.Winter cover crops in low-input vegetable production. HortSci. 25:1158.

55 Brunson, K. E. et al. 1992. Winter cover crops influence insect populations in sustainable cantaloupe production. HortSci. 26:769.

56 Bugg, R. L. et al. 1990. Tarnished plant bug (Hemiptera miridae) on selected cool-season leguminous cover crops. J. Entomol. Sci. 25:463- 474.

57 Bugg, R. L. et al. 1991. Cool season cover crops relay intercropped with cantaloupe: Influence of a generalist predator, Geocoris punctipesJ. Econ. Entomol. 84:408-416.

58 Bugg, R. L. 1991. Cover crops and control of arthropod pests of agriculture. pp. 157-163. In W. L.Hargrove (ed.). Cover Crops for Clean Water. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, Iowa.

59 Bugg, R. L. 1992. Using cover crops to manage arthropods on truck farms. HortSci. 27:741- 745.

60 Bugg, R. L. and C. Waddington. 1994. Using cover crops to manage arthropod pests of orchards: a review. Ag, Ecosystems & Env. 50: 11-28.

61 Bugg, R. L. 1995. Cover biology: a mini-review. SAREP Sustainable Agriculture-Technical Reviews. 7:4.Univ. of California, Davis, Calif.

62 Bugg, R. L. et al. 1996. Comparison of 32 cover crops in an organic vineyard on the north coast of California. Biol. Ag. and Hort. 13:63-81.

63 Bugg, R. L., R. J. Zomer and J. S. Auburn. 1996. Cover crop profiles: One-page summaries describing 33 cover crops. In Cover Crops: Resources for Education and Extension (Chaney, D. and A. D. Mayse, eds.). SAREP. Univ. of Calif., Division of Ag. and Natural Resources, Davis, Calif.

64 Bugg, R. L. and M. V. Horn. 1997. Ecological soil management and soil fauna : Best practices in California vineyards. Australian Society for Viticulture and Oenology, Inc. Proc. Viticulture Seminar, Mildura, Victoria, Australia.

65 Burgos, N. R. and R. E. Talbert. 1996. Weed control by spring cover crops and imazethapyr in no-till southern pea (Vigna unguiculata). Weed Tech. 10:893-899.

66 Burgos, N. R., R. E. Talbert and R. D. Mattice 1999. Cultivar and age differences in the production of allelochemicals by Secale cerealeWeed Sci. 47:481-485.

67 Buntin, G. D. et al. 1994. Cover crop and nitrogen fertility effects on southern corn rootworm (Coleoptera :Chrysomelidae) damage in corn. J. Econ. Entomol. 87:1683-1688.

68 Butler, L. M. 1996. Fall-planted cover crops in western Washington: a model for sustainability assessment. SARE Project Report #SW94-008. Western Region SARE. Logan, Utah. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/SW94-008

69 Campbell, C. A. et al. 1993. Influence of legumes and fertilization of deep distribution of available phosphorus in a thin black chernozemic soil. Can. J. Soil Sci. 73:555-565.

70 Campbell, C. A. et al. 1993. Spring wheat yield trends as influenced by fertilizer and legumes. J. Prod. Ag. 6:564-568.

71 Canadian Organic Growers Inc. 1992. Organic Field Crop Handbook. Anne Macey (ed.). Canadian Organic Growers Inc., Ottawa, Ont.

72 CARR. P. Personal communication. 2007. North Dakota State Univ. Dickinson, ND.

73 Carr, P. M., W. P. Woodrow and L. J. Tisor. 2005. Natural reseeding by forage legumes following wheat in western North Dakota. Agron. J. 97:1270-1277.

74 Cash, D. et al. 1995. Growing Peas in Montana. Montguide MT 9520. Montana State Univ. Extension Service. Bozeman, Mont.

75 Cathey, H. M. 1990. USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. USDA-ARS Misc. Pub. No. 1475.

76 Chaney, D. and D. Mays. March 1997. Cover Crops: Resources for Education and Extension. UC SAREP, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis Calif.

77 Cherr, C. M., J. M. S. Scholberg and R. McSorley. 2006. Green manure approaches to crop production: A synthesis. Agron. J. 98:302–319.

78 Chen, J., G. W. Bird. and R. L. Mather. 1995. Impact of multi-year cropping regimes on Solanum tuberosum tuber yields in the presence of Pratylenchus penetrans and Verticillium dahliaeJ. Nematol. 27:654-660.

79 Choi, B. H. et al. 1991. Acid amide, dinitroaniline, triazine, urea herbicide treatment and survival rate of coarse grain crop seedlings. Research Reports of the Rural Development Administration, Upland and Industrial Crops 3:33-42.

80 Clark, A. J. 2007. Personal communication. Sustainable Agriculture Network. USDA-SARE. Beltsville, MD.

81 Clark, A. J., A. M. Decker and J. J. Meisinger. 1994. Seeding rate and kill date effects on hairy vetch-cereal rye cover crop mixtures for corn production. Agron. J. 86:1065-1070.

82 Clark, A. J. et al. 1995. Hairy vetch kill date effects on soil water and corn production. Agron. J. 87:579-585.

83 Clark, A. J. et al. 1997a. Kill date of vetch, rye and a vetch-rye mixture: I. Cover crop and corn nitrogen. Agron. J. 89:427-434.

84 Clark, A. J. et al. 1997b. Kill date of vetch, rye and a vetch-rye mixture: II. Soil moisture and corn yield. Agron. J. 89:434-441.

85 Clark, A. J. et al. 2007a. Effects of a grass-selective herbicide in a vetch–rye cover crop system on corn grain yield and soil moisture. Agron. J. 99:43-48.

86 Clark, A. J. et al. 2007b. Effects of a grass-selective herbicide in a vetch–rye cover crop system on nitrogen management. Agron. J. 99:36-42.

87 Coale, F. J. et al. 2001. Small grain winter cover crops for conservation of residual soil nitrogen in the mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain. Amer. J. of Alt. Ag. 16:66-72.

88 Collins, H.P. et al. 2006. Soil microbial, fungal and nematode responses to soil fumigation and cover crops under potato production. Biol. Fert. Soils. 42:247-257.

89 Conservation Tillage Information Center. (2006). https://www.ctic.org/

90 Cooke, L. 1996. New Red Clover Puts Pastures in the Pink. USDA/ARS. 44:12 Washington, D.C.

91 Corak, S. J., W. W. Frye and M. S. Smith. 1991. Legume mulch and nitrogen fertilizer effects on soil water and corn production. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55(5):1395-1400.

92 Costa, J. M., G. A. Bollero and F. J. Coale. 2000. Early season nitrogen accumulation in winter wheat. J. Plant Nutrition 23:773-783.

93 Costello, M. J. 1994. Broccoli growth, yield and level of aphid infestation in leguminous living mulches. Biol. Ag. And Hort. 10:207-222.

94 Crawford, E. J. and B. G. Nankivell. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

95 Creamer, N. G. and S. M. Dabney. 2002.Killing cover crops mechanically: Review of recent literature and assessment of new research results. Amer. J. Alt. Ag. 17:32-40.

96 Creamer, N. G. et al. 1995. A method for mechanically killing cover crops to optimize weed suppression. Amer. J. Alt. Ag. 10:157-162.

97 Creamer, N. G. et al. 1996. A comparison of four processing tomato production systems differing in cover crop and chemical inputs. HortSci. 121:559-568.

98 Cruse, R. M. 1995. Potential economic, environmental benefits of narrow strip intercrop ping. Leopold Center Progress Reports 4:14-19.

99 Cunfer, B. M. 1997. Disease and insect management using new crop rotations for sustainable production of row crops in the Southern U. S. SARE Project Report #LS94-057. Southern Region SARE. Griffin, GA. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LS94-057

100 Curran W. S. et al. 1996. Cover Crops for Conservation Tillage Systems. Penn State Conservation Tillage Series, Number 5.

101 Dabney, S. 1996. Cover crop integration into conservation production systems. SARE Project Report #LS96-073. Southern Region SARE. Griffin, GA. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LS96-073

102 Dabney, S. M. 1995. Cover crops in reduced tillage systems. Proc. Beltwide Cotton Conferences. pp. 126-127. 5 Jan 1995. National Cotton Council, Memphis, Tenn.

103 Dabney, S. 2007. Personal communication. USDA /ARS. Oxford, Miss.

104 Dabney, S. M. and J. L. Griffin. 1987. Efficacy of burn down herbicides on winter legume cover crops. pp. 122-125. In Power, J. F. (ed.) The Role of Legumes in Conservation Tillage Systems. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, Iowa.

105 Dabney, S. M. et al. 1991. Mechanical control of legume cover crops. pp. 146-147. In W. L. Hargrove (ed.). Cover Crops for Clean Water. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, Iowa.

106 Dabney, S. M., J. A. Delgado and D. W. Reeves. 2001. Using winter cover crops to improve soil and water quality. Commun. Soil Plant Anal. 32:1221-1250.

107 Davis, D. W. et al. 1990. Cowpea. In Alternative Field Crops Manual. Univ. of Wisc-Ext. and Univ. of Minnesota. Madison, Wis. and St. Paul, Minn.

108 Decker, A. M. et al. 1994. Legume cover crop contributions to no-tillage corn production. Agron. J. 86:126-136.

109 Decker, A. M. et al. 1992. Winter Annual Cover Crops for Maryland Corn Production Systems. Agronomy Mimeo 34.Univ. of MD. Cooperative Ext. Service, MD. Inst. for Ag. and Natural Resources, College Park, MD.

110 DeGregorio, R. et al. 1995. Bigflower vetch and rye vs. rye alone as a cover crop for no-till sweetcorn. J. Sustain. Ag. 5:7-18.

111 Delgado, J. A. 1998. Sequential NLEAP simulations to examine effect of early and late planted winter cover crops on nitrogen dynamics. J. Soil Water Conserv. 53:241-244.

112 Delgado, J. A. and J. Lemunyon. 2006. Nutrient Management. pp. 1157-1160. In R. Lal (ed.). Encyclopedia Soil Sci. Markel and Decker, New York, pp 1924. NY.

113 Delgado, J. A. et al. 2007. Cover crops-potato rotations: Part III, making the connection- green manure cover crop effects on potato yield and quality. In Proceedings of the 25th Annual San Luis Valley Potato Grain Conference. Jan. 30–Feb. 2, 2007. Monte Vista, CO.

114 Delgado, J. A. et al.1999. Use of winter cover crops to conserve soil and water quality in the San Luis Valley of South Central Colorado. pp 125-142. In R. Lal (ed.). Soil Quality and Soil Erosion. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.

115 Delgado, J. A., W. Reeves and R. Follett. 2006. Winter Cover Crops. pp 1915-1917. In R Lal (ed.) Encyclopedia Soil Sci. Markel and Decker, New York, NY.

116 Doll, J. 1991.Cited in Shirley, C. D. No-till beans: rye not?! The New Farm. 13:12-15.

117 Doll, J. and T. Bauer. 1991. Rye: more than a mulch for weed control. pp. 146-149. Illinois Agricultural Pesticides Conference presentation summaries.Urbana, Ill.

118 Duiker, S. W. and W. S. Curran. 2005. Rye cover crop management for corn production in the northern Mid-Atlantic region. Agron. J. 97:1413- 1418.

119 Duiker, S. J. and J. Myers. 2005. Better Soils with the No-till Systemhttp://panutrientmgmt.cas.psu.edu/pdf/rp_better_soils_with_no-till.pdf

120 Duke, J. A. 1981. Handbook of Legumes of World Economic Importance. Plenum Press, N.Y.

121 Earhart, D. R. 1996. Managing soil phosphorus accumulation from poultry litter application through vegetable/legume rotations. Project Report #LS95-69. Southern Region SARE. Griffin, GA. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LS95-069

122 Eberlein, C. 1995. Development of winter wheat cover crop systems for weed control in potatoes. SARE Project Report #LW91-027. Western Region SARE. Logan, Utah. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LW91-027

123 Eckert, D. J. 1991. Chemical attributes of soils subjected to no-till cropping with rye cover crops. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55:405-409.

124 Edwards, W. M. et al. 1993.Tillage studies with a corn-soybean rotation:Hydrology and sediment loss. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 57:1051-1055.

125 Einhellig, F. A. and J. A. Rasmussen. 1989. Prior cropping with grain sorghum inhibits weeds. J. Chem. Ecol. 15:951-960.

126 Einhellig, F. A. and I. F. Souze. 1992. Allelopathic activity of sorgoleone. J. Chem. Ecol. 18:1-11.

127 Enache, A. J., R. D. Ilnicki and R. R. Helberg. 1992. Subterranean clover living mulch: a system approach. pp. 160-162. In Proc. First Int’l Weed Control Congress, Vol. 2. February 17- 21, 1992. Weed Science Society of Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.

128 Enache, A. J. 1990. Weed control by subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) used as a living mulch. Dissertation Abstracts Int., Sci. and Eng., 1990, 50(11):4825B.

129 Entz, M. H. et al. 2002. Potential of forages to diversify cropping systems in the Northern Great Plains. Agron. J. 94:240-250.

130 Evers, G.W and G. R. Smith. 2006. Crimson clover seed production and volunteer reseeding at various grazing termination dates. Agron. J. 98:1410-1415.

131 Evers, G. W., G. R. Smith and P. E. Beale. 1988. Subterranean clover reseeding. Agron. J. 80:855- 859.

132 Evers, G. W., G. R. Smith and C. S. Hoveland. 1997. Ecology and production of annual ryegrass. pp. 29-43. In F. M. Rouquette, Jr. and L. R. Nelson (eds.). Production and management of Lolium for forage in the USA. CSSA Spec. Pub. #24. ASa, CSSA, SSA. Madison, Wisc.

133 Fairbrother, T. E. 1991. Effect of fluctuating temperatures and humidity on the softening rate of hard seed of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). Seed Sci. Tech. 19:93-105.

134 Fairbrother, T. E. 1997. Softening and loss of subterranean clover hard seed under sod and bare ground environments. Crop. Sci. 37:839-844.

135 Farahani H. J., G. A. Peterson and D. G. Westfall. 1998. Dryland cropping intensification: a fundamental solution to efficient use of precipitation. Adv. Agron. 64:197-223.

136 Fasching, R. 2006. Personal communication. Bozeman, Mont.

137 Feng, Y. et al. 2003. Soil microbial communities under conventional-till and no-till continuous cotton systems. Soil Biol. Biochem. 35(12):1693- 1703.

138 Finch, C. U. Univ. of Calif. Medics, general. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

139 Fischer, A. and L. Burrill. 1993.Managing interference in sweet corn-white clover living mulch system. Am. J. Alt. Ag. 8:51-56.

140 Fisk, J. W. and O.B. Hesterman. 1996. N contribution by annual legume cover crops for no-till corn. In 1996 Cover Crops Symposium Proceedings. Michigan State Univ., W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Battle Creek, Mich.

141 Fisk, J. W. et al. 2001. Weed suppression by annual legume cover crops in no-tillage corn. Agron. J. 93:319-325.

142 Flexner, J. L. 1990. Hairy vetch. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

143 Folorunso, O. et al. 1992. Cover crops lower soil surface strength, may improve soil permeability. Calif. Ag. 46:26-27.

144 Forney, D. R. and L. F. Chester. 1984. Phytotoxicity of products from rhizospheres of a sorghum-sudangrass hybrid. Weed Sci. 33:597- 604.

145 Forney, D. R. et al. 1985. Weed suppression in no-till alfalfa (Medicago sativa) by prior cropping of summer-annual forage grasses. Weed Sci. 33:490-497.

146 Fortin, M. C. and A S. Hamill. 1994.Rye residue geometry for faster corn development. Agron. J. 86:238-243.

147 Foster, R. K. 1990. Effect of tillage implement and date of sweetclover incorporation on available soil N and succeeding spring wheat yields. Can. J. Plant Sci. 70:269-277.

148 Fox, R. H. and W. P. Piekielek. 1988. Fertilizer N equivalence of alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, and red clover for succeeding corn crops. J. Prod. Agric. 1:313-317.

149 Friedman, D. et al. 1996. Evaluation of five cover crop species or mixes for nitrogen production and weed suppression in Sacramento Valley farming systems. Univ. of California Cover Crop Research and Education Summaries. 1994–1996.Davis, Calif.

150 Friesen, G. H. 1979. Weed interference in transplanted tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum). Weed Sci. 27:11-13.

151 Frye W. W., W. G. Smith and R. J. Williams. 1985. Economics of winter cover crops as a source of nitrogen for no-till corn. J. Soil Water Conserv. 40:246–249.

152 Gardiner, J.B. et al. 1999. Allelochemicals released in soil following incorporation of rapeseed (Brassica napus) green manures. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47:3837-3842.

153 Gardner, J. (ed.). 1992. Substituting legumes for fallow in U. S. Great Plains wheat production: The first five years of research and demonstration 1988-1992. USDA/SARE and North Dakota State Univ., Michael Fields Agricultural Institute, Kansas State Univ. and Univ. of Nebraska. NDSU Carrington Research Extension Center, Carrington, N. D.

154 Geneve, R. L. and L. A. Weston. 1988.Growth reduction of Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis L.) seedlings caused by interaction with a sorghum-Sudangrass hybrid (Sudax). J. Env. Hort. 6:24-26.

155 Ghaffarzadeh, M. 1994. Progress Report: Berseem Clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.). 17 pp. Soil Management, Agronomy Department, Iowa State Univ., Ames, Iowa.

156 Ghaffarzadeh, M. 1995. Considering annual clover? Don’t overlook berseem. Pub. #SA-7. 4 pp. Sustainable Agriculture Fact Sheet Series. The Leopold Center, Ames, Iowa.

157 Ghaffarzadeh, M. 1996. Forage-based beef production research at the Armstrong Outlying Research farm. Annual research report. A. S. Leaflet R1245. Iowa State Univ., Ames, Iowa.

158 Ghaffarzadeh, M. 1997. Annual legume makes comeback. pp. 24-25. Beef Today. January, 1997.

159 Ghaffarzadeh, M. 1997. Economic and biological benefits of intercropping berseem clover with oat in corn-soybean-oat rotations. J. Prod. Ag. 10:314-319.

160 Ghaffarzadeh, M. 1995. Potential uses of annual berseem clover in livestock production. Proc. Rotational Grazing, a conference sponsored by The Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Feb. 5-6, 1995. Published by Iowa State Univ. Extension. See also Demonstration of an annual forage crop integrated with crop and livestock enterprises. In Progress Report. March 1998. The Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture 7:6-10.

161 Gill, G. S. 1995. Development of herbicide resistance in annual ryegrass populations (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) in the cropping belt of Western Australia. Austral. J. of Exp. Ag. 35:67-72.

162 Graves, W. L. et al. 1996. Berseem Clover: a Winter Annual Forage for California Agriculture. Univ. of California, SAREP. Div. of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Pub. 21536. Davis, Calif.

163 Green, B. J. and V. O. Biederbeck. 1995. Farm Facts: Soil Improvement with Legumes, Including Legumes in Crop Rotations. Canada - Saskatchewan Agreement on Soil Conservation, Regina, SK.

164 Greene, D.K. et al.1992.Research report. New Crop News. Vol. 3. Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, Ind.

165 Griffin, J. L. and S. M. Dabney. 1990. Preplant postemergence herbicides for legume cover-crop control in minimum tillage systems. Weed Tech. 4:332-336.

166 Griffin, T. 2007. Personal communication. USDA Agricultural Research Service, Orono, Maine.

167 Griffith, K and J. Posner. 2001. Comparing Upper Midwest farming systems: Results from the first 10 years of the Wisconsin Integrated Cropping Systems Trial (WICST). Univ of Wisconsin, Center for Integrated Agricultural Systems. 

168 Grinsted M. J. et al. 1982. Plant-induced changes in the rhizosphere of rape (Brassica napus var. Emerald) seedlings. I. pH change and the increase in P concentration in the soil solution. New Phytol. 91:19.

169 Groff, Steve. 1997. Cedar Grove Farm.

170 Grubinger, V. P. and P. L. Minotti. 1990. Managing white clover living mulch for sweet corn production with partial rototilling. Amer. J. Alt. Ag. 5:4-11.

171 Halvorson, A. D. et al. 2006. Nitrogen and tillage effects on irrigated continuous corn yields. Agron. J. 98:63–71.

172 Halvorson, A. D. and C. A. Reule. 2006. Irrigated corn and soybean response to nitrogen under no-till in northern Colorado. Agron. J. 98:1367–1374.

173 Hanson, J. C. et al. 1993. Profitability of no-tillage corn following a hairy vetch cover crop. J. Prod. Ag. 6:432-436.

174 Hanson, J.C. et al. 1997. Organic versus conventional grain production in the mid-Atlantic: An economic and farming system overview. Amer. J. Alt. Ag. 12:2-9.

175 Hao, J. J and K. V. Subbarao. 2006. Dynamics of lettuce drop incidence and Sclerotinia minor inoculum under varied crop rotations. Plant Dis. 90:269-278.

176 Haramoto, E. R. and E. R. Gallandt. 2004. Brassica cover cropping for weed management: a review. Renewable Ag. and Food Sys. 19:187-198.

177 Haramoto, E. R. and E. R.Gallandt. 2005. Brassica cover cropping: I. Effects on weed and crop establishment. Weed Sci. 53:695-701.

178 Haramoto, E. R. and E. R.Gallandt. 2005. Brassica cover cropping: II. Effects on growth and interference of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). Weed Sci. 53:702-708.

179 Haramoto, E. R. and E. R. Gallandt. 2005. Brassica cover cropping: II. Effects on growth and interference of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). Weed Sci. 702-708.

180 Harlow, S. 1994. Cover crops pack plenty of value. Amer. Agriculturalist 191:14.

181 Harper, L. A. et al. 1995. Clover management to provide optimum nitrogen and soil water conservation. Crop Sci. 35:176-182.

182 Hartwig, N. L. and H. U. Ammon. 2002. Cover crops and living mulches. Weed Sci. 50:688-699.

183 Helm, J. L. and D. Meyer. 1993. Sweetclover production and management. North Dakota Extension Service Publication R-862. Fargo, N. D.

184 Hendricks L. C. 1995.Almond growers reduce pesticide use in Merced County field trial. Calif. Ag. 49:5-10.

185 Hendrix, P. F. et al. 1986. Detritus food webs in conventional and no-tillage agroecosystems. Bioscience 36:374-380.

186 Hermel, R. 1997. Forage Focus: Annual legume makes comeback. pp. 24-25. Beef. January, 1997.

187 Herrero, E. V. et al. 2001. Use of cover crop mulches in a no-till furrow-irrigated processing tomato production system. HortTech. 11:43-48.

188 Hiltbold, A. E. 1991. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria essential for crimson clover. Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station 38:13. Auburn, Ala.

189 Hoffman, M. L. et al. 1993. Weed and corn responses to a hairy vetch cover crop. Weed Tech. 7:594-599.

190 Hoffman, M. L. et al. 1996. Interference mechanisms between germinating seeds and between seedlings: Bioassays using cover crop and weed species. Seed Sci. 44:579-584.

191 Hofstetter, B. 1988. The New Farm’s cover crop guide: 53 legumes, grasses and legume-grass mixes you can use to save soil and money. The New Farm 10:17-22, 27-31.

192 Hofstetter, B. 1992. Bank on buckwheat. The New Farm 14:52-53.

193 Hofstetter, B. 1992. How sweet it is: Yellow-blossom sweetclover fights weeds, adds N and feeds livestock. The New Farm 14:6-8.

194 Hofstetter, B. 1992. Reliable ryegrass. The New Farm 14:54-55, 62.

195 Hofstetter, B. 1993a. Meet the queen of cover crops. The New Farm 15:37-41.

196 Hofstetter, B. 1993b. Fast and furious. The New Farm 15:21-23, 46.

197 Hofstetter, B. 1993c. Red clover revival. The New Farm 15:28-30.

198 Hofstetter, B. 1993d. A quick & easy cover crop. The New Farm 15:27-28.

199 Hofstetter, B. 1993e. Reconsider the lupin. The New Farm 15:48-51.

200 Hofstetter, B. 1994a. The carefree cover. The New Farm 16:22-23.

201 Hofstetter, B. 1994b. Bring on the medics! The New Farm 16:56, 62.

202 Hofstetter, B. 1994c.Warming up to winter peas. The New Farm 16:11-13.

203 Hofstetter, B. 1995.Keep your covers in the pink. The New Farm 17:8-9.

204 Holderbaum, J. F. et al. 1990. Fall-seeded legume cover crops for no-tillage corn in the humid East. Agron. J. 82:117-125.

205 Holle, O. 1995. Compare the agronomic and economic benefits of 3 or 4 annual alfalfa varieties to sweetclover for forage and soil building purposes in a feed grain, soybeans, wheat / legume rotation. SARE Project Report #FNC92-004.North Central Region SARE. St. Paul, Minn. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/FNC92-004

206 House, G. J and Alzugaray, M. D. R. 1989. Hairy vetch. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

207 Howieson, J. and M. A. Ewing. 1989. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

208 Hoyt, G. D. and W. L. Hargrove. 1986. Legume cover crops for improving crop and soil management in the southern United States. HortSci. 21:397-402.

209 Hutchinson, C. M. and M. E. McGiffen. 2000. Cowpea cover crop mulch for weed control in desert pepper production. HortSci. 35:196-198.

210 Ingels, C. A. et al. 1994. Selecting the right cover crop gives multiple benefits. Calif. Ag. 48:43-48.

211 Ingels, C. A. 1995. Cover cropping in vineyards. Amer. Vineyard. 6/95, 8/95, 9/95, 10/95. In Chaney, David and Ann D. Mayse (eds.). 1997. Cover Crops:Resources for Education and Extension. Univ. of California, Div. of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Davis, Calif.

212 Ingels, C. A. et al. 1996. Univ. of California Cover Crop Research & Education Summaries, March 1996.UC SAREP, Davis, Calif.

213 Ingham, R. E. et al.1994. Control of Meloidogyne chitwoodi with crop rotation, green manure crops and nonfumigant nematicides. J. Nematol. 26:553.

214 Iyer, J. G., S. A. Wilde and R. B. Corey. 1980. Green manure of sorghum-sudan: Its toxicity to pine seedlings. Tree Planter’s Notes 31:11-13.

215 Izaurralde, R.C. et al. 1990. Plant and nitrogen yield of barley-field pea intercrop in cryoboreal-subhumid central Alberta. Agron. J. 82:295-301.

216 Jackson, L. E. 1995. Cover crops incorporated with reduced tillage on semi-permanent beds: Impacts on nitrate leaching, soil fertility, pests and farm profitability. SARE Project Report #AW92-006.Western Region SARE. Logan, Utah. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/AW92-006

217 Jacobs, E. 1995. Cover crop breathes life into old soil: Sorghum-sudangrass, used as an onion rotation crop on organic soils, cuts pesticide costs, rejuvenates soil and increases yields. Amer. Agriculturist 192:8.

218 Jensen, E. S. 1996. Barley uptake of N deposited in the rhizosphere of associated field pea. Soil. Biol. Biochem. 28:159-168.

219 Jeranyama, P., O. B. Hesterman and C. C. Sheaffer. 1998. Medic planting date effect on dry matter and nitrogen accumulation when clearseeded or intercropped with corn. Agron. J. 90:616-622.

220 Jordan, J. L. et al. 1994. An Economic Analysis of Cover Crop Use in Georgia to Protect Groundwater Quality. Research Bulletin #419.Univ. of Georgia, College of Agric. and Environ. Sciences, Athens, GA. 13 pp.

221 Kandel, H. J., A. A. Schneiter and B. L. Johnson. 1997. Intercropping legumes into sunflower at different growth stages. Crop Sci. 37:1532-1537.

222 Kandel, H. J., B. L. Johnson and A. A. Schneiter. 2000. Hard red spring wheat response following the intercropping of legumes into sunflower. Crop Sci. 40:731-736.

223 Kaspar, T. C., J. K. Radke and J. M. Laflen. 2001. Small grain cover crops and wheel traffic effects on infiltration, runoff, and erosion. J. Soil Water Conserv. 56:160-164.

224 Kelly, T. C. et al. 1995. Economics of a hairy vetch mulch system for producing fresh-market tomatoes in the Mid-Atlantic region. HortSci. 120:854-869.

225 Kimbrough, E., L. and W. E. Knight. Forage ‘Bigbee’ Berseem Clover. Mississippi State Univ. Extension Service. http://msucares.com/pubs/infosheets/is1306.htm.

226 King, L. D. 1988. Legumes for nitrogen and soil productivity. Stewardship News 8:4-6.

227 Kirchmann, H. and H. Marstop. 1992. Calculation of N mineralization from six green manure legumes under field conditions from autumn to spring. Acta Agriculturae Scand. 41:253- 258.

228 Knight, W. E. 1985. Crimson clover. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

229 Knorek, J. and M. Staton. 1996. “Red Clover.” Cover Crops: MSU/KBS (fact sheet packet), Michigan State Univ. Extension, East Lansing, Mich.
www.covercrops.msu.edu/CoverCrops/red_clover.htm

230 Koala, S. 1982. Adaptation of Australian ley farming to Montana dryland cereal production. M. S. thesis. Montana State Univ., Bozeman

231 Koch, D. W. 1995. Brassica utilization in sugarbeet rotations for biological control of cyst nematode. SARE Project Report #LW91-022. Western Region SARE. Logan, Utah. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LW91-022.

232 Koike, S.T. et al. 1996. Phacelia, Lana woollypod vetch and Austrian winter pea : three new cover crop hosts of Sclerotina minor in California. Plant Dis. 80:1409-1412.

233 Koume, C. N. et al. 1988. Screening subterranean clover (Trifolium spp.) germplasm for resistance to Meloidogyne species. J. Nematol. 21(3):379-383.

234 Kremen, A. and R. R. Weil. 2006. Monitoring nitrogen uptake and mineralization by Brassica cover crops in Maryland. 18th World Congress of Soil Science. http://www.ldd.go.th/18wcss/techprogram/P17525.HTM

235 Krishnan, G., D. L. Holshauser and S. J. Nissen. 1998. Weed control in soybean (Glycine max) with green manure crops. Weed Tech. 12:97–102.

236 Kumwenda, J. D.T. et al. 1993. Reseeding of crimson cover and corn grain yield in a living mulch system. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 57:517-523.

237 Langdale, G. W. and W. C. Moldenhauer (eds). 1995.Crop Residue Management to Reduce Erosion and Improve Soil Quality. USDA-ARS, Conservation Research Report No. 39. Washington, D.C.

238 Langdale, G. W. et al. 1992. Restoration of eroded soil with conservation tillage. Soil Tech. 1:81-90.

239 Lanini, W. T. et al. 1989. Subclovers as living mulches for managing weeds in vegetables. Calif. Agric. 43:25-27. Larkin, R.P. See #458, 459, 460.

240 Leach, S. S. 1993. Effects of moldboard plowing, chisel plowing and rotation crops on the Rhizoctonia disease of white potato. Amer. Potato J. 70:329-337.

241 LeCureux, J. P. 1996. Integrated system for sustainability of high-value field crops. SARE Project Report #LNC94-64.North Central Region SARE. St. Paul, Minn.www.sare.org/projects

242 Leroux, G. D. et al.1996. Effect of crop rotations in weed control, Bidens cernua and Erigeron canadensis populations, and carrot yields in organic soils. Crop Protection 15:171- 178.

243 Lichtenberg, E. et al. 1994. Profitability of legume cover crops in the mid-Atlantic region. J. Soil Water Cons. 49:582-585.

244 Linn, D. M. and J. W. Doran. 1984. Effect of water-filled pore space on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide production in tilled and nontilled soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 48:1267-1272.

245 Litterick, A. M. et al. 2004. The role of uncomposted materials, composts, manures, and compost extracts in reducing pest and disease incidence and severity in sustainable temperate agricultural and horticultural crop production— a review. Critical Reviews in Plant Sci. 23: 453-479.

246 Liu, D. L. and J. V. Lovett. 1994. Biologically active secondary metabolites of barley. I. Developing techniques and assessing allelopathy in barley. J. Chem. Ecol. 19:2217-2230.

247 Liu, D. L. and J. V. Lovett. 1994. Biologically active secondary metabolites of barley. II. Phytotoxicity of barley allelochemicals. J. Chem. Ecol. 19:2231-2244.

248 Lovett, J. V. and A. H. C. Hoult. 1995. Allelopathy and self-defense in barley. pp. 170–183. In Allelopathy: Organisms, Processes, and Applications. American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.

249 MacGuidwin, A. E. and T. L. Layne. 1995. Response of nematode communities to sudangrass and sorghum-sudangrass hybrids grown as green manure crops. J. Nematol. 27:609- 616.

250 Madden, N. M. et al. 2004. Evaluation of conservation tillage and cover crop systems for organic processing tomato production. HortTech. 14(2):73-80.

251 Mackay, J. H. E. 1981. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

252 Magdoff, F. and H. van Es. 2001. Building Soils for Better Crops, 2nd Edition. Sustainable Agriculture Network. Beltsville, MD. https://www.sare.org/resources/building-soils-for-better-crops/

253 Mahler, R. L. 1989. Evaluation of the green manure potential of Austrian winter pea in northern Idaho. Agron. J. 81:258-264.

254 Mahler, R. L. 1993. Evaluation of the nitrogen fertilizer value of plant materials to spring wheat production. Agron J. 85:305-309.

255 Malik, N. and J. Waddington. 1988. Polish rapeseed as a companion crop when establishing sweetclover for dry matter production. Can. J. Plant. Sci. 68:1009-1015.

256 Marks, C.F. and J. L. Townsend. 1973. Buckwheat. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

257 Marshall, H. G. and Y. Pomeranz.1982. Buckwheat:description, breeding, production and utilization. pp.157-210. In Advances in Cereal Science and Technology (Y. Pomeranz, ed.).Amer. Assn. of Cereal Chemists. St. Paul, Minn.

258 Matheson, N. et al. 1991.Cereal-Legume Cropping Systems: Nine farm case studies in the dryland northern plains, Canadian prairies and intermountain Northwest. Alternative Energy Resources Organization (AERO), Helena, Mont. 75 pp.

259 Matthews, A. 1997. Alternative rotation system for vegetables. SARE Project Report #FNE96- 146.Northeast Region SARE. Burlington, VT. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/FNE96-146

260 Matthiessen, J. N. and J. A. Kirkegaard. 2006. Biofumigation and enhanced biodegradation: Opportunity and challenge in soilborne pest and disease management. Critical Reviews in Plant Sci. 25:235–265.

261 McCraw, D. et al. 1995. Use of Legumes in Pecan Orchards. Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service. Current Report CR-06250, 4 pp. Stillwater, OK.

262 McGuire, C.F. et al. 1989. Nitrogen contribution of annual legumes to the grain protein content of ‘Clark’ barley (Hordeum disticum L.) production. Applied Ag. Res. 4:118-121.

263 McLeod, E. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

264 McSorley, R. and R. N. Gallagher. 1994. Effect of tillage and crop residue management on nematode densities on corn. J. Nematol. 26:669- 674.

265 Meisinger, J. J. et al.1991. Effects of cover crops on groundwater quality. pp. 57-68. In W. L. Hargrove (ed.). Cover Crops for Clean Water. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, Iowa.

266 Melakeberhan, H. et al. 2006. Potential use of arugula (Eruca sativa L.) as a trap crop for Meloidogyne haplaNematol. 8: 793-799.

267 Merrill, S. D. et al. 2006. Soil coverage by residue as affected by ten crop species under no-till in the northern Great Plains. J. Soil Water Conserv. 61:7-13.

268 Merwin, I. A. and W. C. Stiles. 1998. Integrated weed and soil management in fruit plantings. Cornell Cooperative Extension Information Bulletin 242. http://ecommons.library.cornell.edu/handle/1813/3277

269 Meyer, D. W. and W. E. Norby. 1994. Seeding rate, seeding-year harvest, and cultivar effects on sweetclover productivity. North Dakota Farm Res. 50:30-33.

270 Michigan State Univ. Extension. Cover Crops Program. East Lansing, Mich. www.covercrops.msu.edu

271 Michigan State Univ. 2001. Sustainable Agriculture. Futures (newsletter).Volumes 18 and 19. 

272 Miller, M. M. 7/21/97. Reduced input, diversified systems. Press release via electronic transmission from Univ. of Wisconsin Extension-Agronomy, Madison, Wis.

273 Miller, P. R. et al. 1989. Cover Crops for California Agriculture. Univ of California, SAREP. Div. of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Davis, Calif. 24 pp.

274 Miller, M. H. et al. 1994. Leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus from the biomass of three cover crops. J. Environ. Qual. 23:267-272.

275 Miller, P. R. 1989. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

276 Millhollon, E. P. 1994.Winter cover crops improve cotton production and soil fertility in Northwest Louisiana. La. Ag. 37:26-27.

277 Mishanec, J. 1996. Use of sorghum sudangrass for improved yield and quality of vegetables produced on mineral and muck soils in New York: Part II—Sudan trials on muck soils in Orange County. Research report. Cornell Cooperative Extension. Ithaca, N.Y.

278 Mississippi State Univ. website. http://msucares.com/pubs/index.html

279 Mitchell, J.P. et al. 1999a. Cover crops for saline soils. J. Agron. and Crop Sci. 183:167-178.

280 Mitchell, J. P., D. W. Peters and C. Shennan. 1999b.Changes in soil water storage in winter fallowed and cover cropped soils. J. Sustainable Ag. 15:19-31.

281 Mitchell, J. P. et al. 2005. Surface residues in conservation tillage systems in California. Abstract. In Conservation tillage, manure and cover crop impact on agricultural systems. ASA/CSSA/SSSA 2005. November 6-10, 2005, Salt Lake City, Utah.

282 Mohler, C. L. 1995. A living mulch (white clover) / dead mulch (compost) weed control system for winter squash. Proc. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 49:5-10.

283 Mojtahedi, H. et al. 1991. Suppression of root-knot nematode populations with selected rapeseed cultivars as green manure. J. of Nematol. 23:170-174.

284 Mojtahedi, H. et al. 1993. Managing Meloidogyne chitwoodi on potato with rapeseed as green manure. Plant Dis. 77:42-46.

285 Mojtahedi, H. et al. 1993. Suppression of Meloidogyne chitwoodi with sudangrass cultivars as green manure. J. Nematol. 25:303-311.

286 Moomaw, R. S. 1995. Selected cover crops established in early soybean growth stage. J. Soil and Water Cons. 50:82-86.

287 Morse, R. 1998. Keys to successful production of transplanted crops in high-residue, no-till farming systems. Proceedings of the 21st Annual Southern Conservation Tillage Conference for Sustainable Agriculture. July, 1998.

288 Mosjidis, J. A. and C. M. Owsley. 2000. Legume cover crops development by NRCS and Auburn Univ. http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/pubs/gapmcpo3848.pdf

289 Moynihan, J. M. et al. 1996. Intercropping barley and annual medics. In Cover Crops Symposium Proceedings. Michigan State Univ., W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Battle Creek, Mich.

290 Munawar, A. et al. 1990. Tillage and cover crop management for soil water conservation. Agron. J. 82:773-777.

291 Munoz, F. N. 1987. Legumes for Orchard, Vegetable and Cereal Cropping Systems. Coop. Ext., Univ. of California, San Diego, Calif.

292 Munoz, F. N. 1988. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

293 Munoz, F. N. and W. Graves. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

294 Murphy, A. H. et al. 1976. Bur Medic. Univ. of Calif. Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

295 Mutch, D. R. et al. 1996a. Evaluation of lowinput corn system. In Cover Crops Symposium Proceedings. Michigan State Univ., W. K. Kellogg Biological Station. Battle Creek, Mich.

296 Mutch, D. R. et al. 1996b. Evaluation of overseeded cover crops at several corn growth stages on corn yield. In Cover Crops Symposium Proceedings. Michigan State Univ., W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Battle Creek, Mich.

297 Mutch, D., T. Martin and K. Kosola. 2003. Red clover (Trifolium pratense) suppression of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Tech. 17:181-185.

298 Mwaja, V. N., J. B. Masiunas and C. E. Eastman. 1996. Rye and hairy vetch intercrop management in fresh-market vegetables. HortSci. 121:586-591.

299 Myers, R. L. and L. J. Meinke. 1994. Buckwheat: a Multi-Purpose, Short-Season Alternative. MU Guide G 4306. Univ. Extension, Univ. of Missouri-Columbia.

300 Nafziger, E. D. 1994. Corn planting date and plant population. J. Prod. Agric. 7:59-62.

301 National Assn. of Wheat Growers Foundation. 1995. Best Management Practices for Wheat: a Guide to Profitable and Environmentally Sound Production. National Assn. of Wheat Growers Foundation. Washington, D.C.

302 Nelson, L. R. Personal communication. 2007. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Overton, TX.

303 NewFarm. http://www.rodaleinstitute.org/no-till_revolution

304 Ngouajio, M. and D. R. Mutch. 2004. Oilseed radish: a new cover crop for Michigan. Michigan State Univ Extension bulletin E2907. www.covercrops.msu.edu/CoverCrops/O_Radish/extension_bulletin_E2907.pdf

305 Nimbal, C. I. et al. 1996. Phytotoxicity and distribution of sorgoleone in grain sorghum germplasm. J. Agric. Food Chem. 44:1343-1347.

306 Ocio, J. A. et al. 1991. Field incorporation of straw and its effects on soil microbial biomass and soil inorganic N. Soil Biol. Biochem. 23:171- 176.

307 Oekle, E. A. et al. 1990. Rye. In Alternative Field Crops Manual. Univ. of Wisc-Ext. and Univ. of Minnesota, Madison, Wis. and St. Paul, Minn.

308 Orfanedes, M. S. et al. 1995. Sudangrass trials- What have we learned to date? Cornell Cooperative Extension Program, Lake Plains Vegetable Program.

309 Oregon State Univ. website, “Forage Information System” http://forages.oregonstate.edu

310 Ott, S. L. and W. L. Hargrove. 1989. Profit and risks of using crimson clover and hairy vetch cover crops in no-till corn production. Amer. J. Alt. Ag. 4:65-70.

311 Oyer, L. J. and J. T. Touchton. 1990. Utilizing legume cropping systems to reduce nitrogen fertilizer requirements for conservation-tilled corn. Agron. J. 82:1123-1127.

312 Paine, L. et al. 1995. Establishment of asparagus with living mulch. J. Prod. Agric. 8:35-40.

313 Parkin, T. B., T. C. Kaspar and C. A. Cambardella. 1997. Small grain cover crops to manage nitrogen in the Midwest. Proc. Cover Crops, Soil Quality, and Ecosystems Conference. March 12-14, 1997. Sacramento, Calif. Soil and Water Conservation Society, Ankeny, Iowa.

314 Paxton, J. D. and J. Groth. 1994. Constraints on pathogens attacking plants. Critical Rev. Plant Sci. 13:77-95.

315 Paynter, B. H. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

316 Peet, M. 1995. Sustainable Practices for Vegetable Production in the South. Summer annuals and winter annuals lists. http://www.ncsu.edu/sustainable/cover/cover.html.

317 Pennington, B. 1997. Seeds & Planting (3rd Ed.) Pennington Seed, Inc., Madison, GA.

318 Peterson, G. A. et al. 1998. Reduced tillage and increasing cropping intensity in the Great Plains conserves soil C. Soil & Tillage Research 47:207-218.

319 Peterson, G. A. et al. 1996. Precipitation use efficiency as impacted by cropping and tillage systems. J. Prod. Agric. 9:180-186.

320 Petersen, J. et al. 2001. Weed suppression by release of isothiocyanates from turnip-rape mulch. Agron. J. 93:37-43.

321 Phatak, S. C. 1987a. Tillage and fertility management in vegetables. Amer. Vegetable Grower 35:8-9.

322 Phatak, S.C. 1987b. Integrating methods for cost effective weed control. Proc. Integ. Weed Manag. Symp. Expert Committee on Weeds. Western Canada. 65 pp.

323 Phatak, S. C. 1992. An integrated sustainable vegetable production system. HortSci. 27:738- 741.

324 Phatak, S. C. 1993. Legume cover crops-cotton relay cropping systems. Proc. Organic Cotton Conf. pp. 280-285. Compiled and edited by California Institute for Rural Studies, P. O. Box 2143, Davis, Calif. 95617.

325 Phatak, S. C. et al. 1991. Cover crops effects on weeds diseases, and insects of vegetables. pp. 153-154. In W. L. Hargrove (ed.). Cover Crops for Clean Water. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, Iowa.

326 Pieters, A. J. 1927. Green Manuring. John Wiley & Sons, N.Y.

327 Pledger, D. J. and D. J. Pledger, Jr. 1951. Cotton culture on Hardscramble Plantation. Hardscramble Plantation. Shelby, Miss.

328 Posner, J. et al. 2000. Using small grain cover crop alternatives to diversify crop rotations. SARE Project Report #LNC97-116. North Central Region SARE. St. Paul, Minn. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LNC97-116

329 Porter, S. 1994. Increasing options for cover cropping in the Northeast. SARE Project Report #FNE93-014. Northeast Region SARE. Burlington, VT. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/FNE93-014

330 Porter, S. 1995. Increasing options for cover cropping in the Northeast. SARE Project Report #FNE94-066. Northeast Region SARE. Burlington, VT. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/FNE94-066

331 Power, J. F. 1991. Growth characteristics of legume cover crops in a semiarid environment. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55:1659-1663.

332 Power, J. F. 1994. Cover crop production for several planting and harvest dates in eastern Nebraska. Agron J. 86:1092-1097.

333 Power, J. F. et al. 1991. Hairy vetch as a winter cover crop for dryland corn production. J. Prod. Ag. 4:62-67.

334 Power, J. F. and J. A. Zachariassen. 1993. Relative nitrogen utilization by legume cover crop species at three soil temperatures. Agron. J. 85:134-140.

335 Price, A. J., D. W. Reeves and M. G. Patterson. 2006. Evaluation of weed control provided by three winter cover cereals in conservation-tillage soybean. Renew.Agr. Food Sys. 21(3):159-164.

336 Przepiorkowski, T. and S. F. Gorski. 1994. Influence of rye (Secale cereale) plant residues on germination and growth of three triazine resistant and susceptible weeds. Weed Tech. 8:744-747.

337 Quesenberry, K. H., D. D. Baltensperger and R. A. Dunn.1986. Screening Trifolium spp. for response to Meloidogyne spp. Crop Sci.26:61-64.

338 Quinlivan, B. J. et al. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

339 Ramey, B. E. et al. 2004. Biofilm formation in plant-microbe associations. Current Opinion in Microbiol. 7:602-609.

340 Rajalahti, R. M. and R. R. Bellinder. 1996. Potential of interseeded legume and cereal cover crops to control weeds in potatoes. pp. 349-354. Proc. 10th Int. Conf. on Biology of Weeds, Dijon, France.

341 Rajalahti, R. and R. R. Bellinder. 1999. Time of hilling and interseeding of cover crop influences weed control and potato yield. Weed Sci. 47:215- 225.

342 Ranells, N. N. and M. G. Wagger. 1993. Crimson clover management to enhance reseeding and no-till corn grain production. Agron. J. 85:62-67.

343 Ranells, N. N. and M. G. Wagger. 1996. Nitrogen release from grass and legume cover crop monocultures and bicultures. Agron. J. 88:777-782.

344 Ranells, N. N. and M. G. Wagger. 1997a. Grass-legume bicultures as winter annual cover crops. Agron. J. 89:659-665.

345 Ranells, N. H., and M. G. Wagger. 1997b. Winter annual grass–legume bicultures for efficient nitrogen management in no-till corn. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 65:23–32.

346 Reddy, K. N., M. A. Locke and C. T. Bryson. 1994. Foliar washoff and runoff losses of lactoben, norflurazon and fluemeteron under simulated conditions. J. Agric. Food Chem. 42:2338-2343.

347 Reeves, D. W. 1994. Cover crops and rotations. In J. L. Hatfield and B. A. Stewart (eds.). Advances in Soil Science: Crops Residue Management. pp. 125-172. Lewis Publishers, CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL.

348 Reeves, D. W. and J. T. Touchton. 1994. Deep tillage ahead of cover crop planting reduces soil compaction for following crop. p. 4. Alabama Agricultural Experimental Station Newsletter. Auburn, Ala.

349 Reeves, D. W., A. J. Price and M. G. Patterson. 2005. Evaluation of three winter cereals for weed control in conservation-tillage non-transgenic cotton. Weed Tech. 19:731-736.

350 Reynolds, M. O. et al. 1994. Intercropping wheat and barley with N-fixing legume species: a method for improving ground cover, N-use efficiency and productivity in low-input systems. J. Agric. Sci. 23:175-183.

351 Rice, E. L. 1974. Allelopathy. Academic Press, Inc. N.Y.

352 Rife, C. L. and H. Zeinalib. 2003. Cold tolerance in oilseed rape over varying acclimation durations. Crop Sci. 43:96-100.

353 Riga, E. et al. 2003. Green manure amendments and management of root knot nematodes on potato in the Pacific Northwest of USA. Nematol. Monographs & Perspectives 2:151-158.

354 Robertson, T. et al. 1991. Long-run impacts of cover crops on yield, farm income, and nitrogen recycling. pp. 117-120. In W. L. Hargrove (ed.). Cover Crops for Clean Water. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, Iowa.

355 Robinson, R. G. 1980. The Buckwheat Crop in Minnesota. Station Bulletin 539. Agricultural Experiment Station, Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn.

356 Rogiers, S. Y. et al. 2005. Effects of spray adjuvants on grape (Vitis vinifera) berry microflora, epicuticular wax and susceptibility to infection by Botrytis cinereaAustralasian Plant Pathol. 34:221-228.

357 Rothrock, C. S. 1995. Utilization of winter legume cover crops for pest and fertility management in cotton. SARE Project Report #LS94-057. Southern Region SARE. Griffin, GA. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LS94-057

358 Roylance, H. B. and K. H. W. Klages. 1959. Winter Wheat Production. Bulletin 314. College of Agriculture, Univ. of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho.

359 Saini, M., A. J. Price and E. van Santen. 2005. Winter weed suppression by winter cover crops in a conservation-tillage corn and cotton rotation. Proc. 27th Southern Conservation-Tillage Conf. pp. 124-128.

360 Sarrantonio, M. 1991. Methodologies for screening soil-improving legumes. Rodale Institute. Kutztown, Pa.

361 Sarrantonio, M. 1994. Northeast Cover Crop Handbook. Soil Health Series. Rodale Institute, Kutztown, Pa.

362 Sarrantonio, M. and E. Gallandt. 2003. The role of cover crops in North American cropping systems. J. of Crop Prod. 8:53-74.

363 Sarrantonio, M. and T. W. Scott. 1988. Tillage effects on availability of nitrogen to corn following a winter green manure crop. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 52:1661-1668.

364 Sattell, R. et al. 1999. Cover Crop Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation in Western Oregon. Extension publication #EM 8739. Oregon State Univ Extension. http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/html/em/em8739

365 Sattell, R. et al. 1998. Oregon cover crops: rapeseed. http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/html/em/em8700

366 Schmidt, W. H., D. K. Myers and R. W. Van Keuren. 2001. Value of legumes for plowdown nitrogen. Ohio State Univ Extension Fact Sheet AGF-111-01. http://ohioline.osu.edu/agf-fact/0111.html

367 Sholberg, P. et al. 2006. Fungicide and clay treatments for control of powdery mildew influence wine grape microflora. HortSci. 41:176-182.

368 Schomberg, H. H. et al. 2005. Enhancing sustainability in cotton production through reduced chemical inputs, cover crops and conservation tillage. SARE Project Report #LS01-121. Southern Region SARE. Griffin, GA. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LS01-121.

369 Schonbeck, M. and R. DeGregorio. 1990. Cover crops at a glance. The Natural Farmer, Fall-Winter 1990.

370 Scott, J. E. and L. A. Weston. 1991. Cole crop (Brassica oleracea) tolerance to Clomazone. Weed Sci. 40:7-11.

371 Shaffer, M. J. and J. A. Delgado. 2002. Essentials of a national nitrate leaching index assessment tool. J. Soil and Water Conserv. 57:327-335.

372 Shipley, P. R. et al.1992. Conserving residual corn fertilizer nitrogen with winter cover crops. Agron. J. 84:869-876.

373 Sheaffer, C. 1996. Annual medics: new legumes for sustainable farming systems in the Midwest. SARE Project Report #LNC93-058. North Central Region SARE. St. Paul, Minn. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LNC93-058

374 Sheaffer, C. C., S. R. Simmons and M. A. Schmitt. 2001. Annual medic and berseem clover dry matter and nitrogen production in rotation with corn. Agron. J. 93:1080-1086.

375 Shrestha, A. et al. 1996. “Annual Medics.” In Cover Crops: MSU/KBS (factsheet packet). Michigan State Univ. Extension. East Lansing, Mich.

376 Shrestha, A. et al. 1998. Annual medics and berseem clover as emergency forages. Agron. J. 90:197-201.

377 Sideman, E. 1991.Hairy vetch for fall cover and nitrogen: a report on trials by MOFGA in Maine. Maine Organic Farmer & Gardener 18:43-44.

378 Sims, J. R. 1980. “Seeding George black medic,” "George black medic in rotation,” "George black medic as a green manure.” In Timeless Seeds. Conrad, Mont.

379 Sims, J. R. 1982. Progress Report. Montana Ag. Extension Service. Research Project #382. Bozeman, Mont.

380 Sims, J. R. 1988. Research on dryland legume-cereal rotations in Montana. Montana State Univ. Bozeman, Mont.

381 Sims, J. R. et al. 1991. Yield and bloat hazard of berseem clover and other forage legumes in Montana. Montana AgResearch 8:4-10.

382 Sims, J. R. 1995. Low input legume/cereal rotations for the northern Great Plains- Intermountain Region dryland and irrigated systems. SARE Project Report #LW89-014. Western Region SARE. Logan, Utah. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LW89-014

383 Sims, J. 1996. Beyond Summer Fallow. Prairie Salinity Network Workshop, June 6, 1996, Conrad, Mont. Available from Montana Salinity Control Association, Conrad, Mont. 59425.

384 Singer, J. W., M. D. Casler and K. A. Kohler. 2006. Wheat effect on frost-seeded red clover cultivar establishment and yield. Agron. J. 98:265-269.

385 Singer, J. W. et al. 2004. Tillage and compost affect yield of corn, soybean, and wheat and soil fertility. Agron. J. 96:531-537.

386 Singer, J. and P. Pedersen. 2005. Legume Living Mulches in Corn and Soybean. Iowa State Univ Extension Publication, Iowa State Univ, Ames Iowa.

387 Singogo, W., W. J. Lamont Jr. and C. W. Marr. 1996. Fall-planted cover crops support good yields of muskmelons. HortSci. 31:62-64.

388 Smith, R. F. et al. 2005. Mustard cover crops to optimize crop rotations for lettuce production. California lettuce research board. Annual Report. pp. 212-219. 

389 Smith, S. J and A. N. Sharpley. Sorghum and sudangrass. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

390 Snapp, S. et al. 2005. Evaluating cover crops for benefits, costs and performance within cropping system niches. Agron. J. 97:1-11.

391 Snapp, S. et al. 2006. Mustards—A Brassica Cover Crop for Michigan. Extension Bulletin E-2956. Michigan State Univ.

392 Snider, J. et al. 1994. Cover crop potential of white clover: Morphological characteristics and persistence of thirty-six varieties. Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Service Research Report 19:1-4.

393 Soil Science Society of America.1997. Glossary of soil science terms. Madison, WI.

394 Stark, J. C. 1995. Development of sustainable potato production systems for the Pacific NW. SARE Project report #LW91-029.Western Region SARE. Logan, Utah. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LW91-029

395 Stiraker, R. J. et al. 1995. No-tillage vegetable production using cover crops and alley cropping. pp. 466-474. In Soil Management in Sustainable Agriculture. Proc. Third Int’l Conf. on Sustainable Agriculture. 31 August to 4 September 1993. Wye College, Univ of London, UK.

396 Stivers, L. J. and C. Shennan. 1991. Meeting the nitrogen needs for processing tomatoes through winter cover cropping. J. Prod Ag. 4:330-335.

397 Stoskopf, N. C. Barley. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

398 Stute, J. K. 2007. Personal communication. Michael Fields Agricultural Institute. East Troy, Wis.

399 Stute, J. 1996. Legume Cover Crops in Wisconsin. Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Sustainable Agriculture Program. Madison, Wis. 27 pp.

400 Stute, J. K. and J. L. Posner. 1995a. Legume cover crops as a nitrogen source for corn in an oat-corn rotation. J. Prod. Agric. 8:385-390.

401 Stute, J. K. and J. L. Posner. 1995b. Synchrony between legume nitrogen release and corn demand in the upper Midwest. Agron. J. 87: 1063-1069.

402 Stute, J. K. and J. L. Posner. 1993. Legume cover crop options for grain rotations in Wisconsin. Agron. J. 85:1128-1132.

403 Sumner, D. R., B. Doupik Jr. and M. G. Boosalis. 1981. Effects of reduced tillage and multiple cropping on plant diseases. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 19:167-187.

404 Sumner, D. R. et al. 1983. Root diseases of cucumber in irrigated, multiple-cropping systems with pest management. Plant Dis. 67:1071-1075.

405 Sumner, D. R. et al. 1986. Interactions of tillage and soil fertility with root diseases in snap bean and lima bean in irrigated multiple-cropping systems. Plant Dis. 70:730-735.

406 Sumner, D. R. et al. 1986. Conservation tillage and vegetable diseases. Plant Dis. 70:906-911.

407 Sumner, D. R., S. R. Ghate and S. C. Phatak. 1988. Seedling diseases of vegetables in conservation tillage with soil fungicides and fluid drilling. Plant Dis. 72:317-320.

408 Sumner, D. R. et al. 1991. Soilborne pathogens in vegetables with winter cover crops and conservation tillage. Amer. Phytopathol. Soc. Abstracts.

409 Sustainable Agriculture Network. 2005. Manage Insects on Your Farm: a Guide to Ecological Strategies. Beltsville, MD. https://www.sare.org/resources/manage-insects-on-your-farm/

410 Teasdale, J. R. et al.1991. Response of weeds to tillage and cover crop residue. Weed Sci. 39:195-199.

411 Teasdale, J. R. and C. L. Mohler. 1993. Light transmittance, soil temperature and soil moisture under residue of hairy vetch and rye. Agron. J. 85:673-680.

412 Teasdale, J. R. 1996. Contribution of cover crops to weed management in sustainable agriculture systems. J. Prod. Ag. 9:475-479.

413 Temple, S. 1996. A comparison of conventional, low input or organic farming systems: Soil biology, soil chemistry, soil physics, energy utilization, economics and risk. SARE Project Report #SW94-017. Western Region SARE. Logan, Utah. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/SW94-017

414 Temple, S. 1995. A comparison of conventional, low input and organic farming systems: The transition phase and long term viability. SARE Project Report #LW89-18. Western Region SARE. Logan, Utah. www.sare.org/projects

415 Theunissen, J., C. J. H. Booij and A. P. Lotz. 1995. Effects of intercropping white cabbage with clovers on pest infestation and yield. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 74:7-16.

416 Tillman, G. et al. 2004. Influence of cover crops on insect pests and predators in conservation tillage cotton. J. Econ. Entom. 97:1217-1232.

417 Townsend, W. 1994. No-tilling hairy vetch into crop stubble and CRP acres. SARE Project Report #FNC93-028. North Central Region SARE. St. Paul, Minn. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/FNC93-028

418 Truman, C. et al. 2003. Tillage impacts on soil property, runoff, and soil loss variations from a Rhodic Paleudult under simulated rainfall. J. Soil Water Cons. 58:258-267.

419 Truman, C.C., J. N. Shaw and D. W. Reeves. 2005. Tillage effects on rainfall partitioning and sediment yield from an Ultisol in central Alabama. J. Soil Water Conserv. 60:89-98.

420 Tumlinson, J. H., W. J. Lewis and L. E. M. Vet. 1993. How parasitic wasps find their hosts. Sci. American 26:145-154.

421 Univ. of California Cover Crops Working Group. March 1996. Cover Crop Research and Education Summaries. Davis, Calif. 50 pp.

422 Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

423 Unger, P. W. and M. F. Vigil. 1998. Cover crops effects on soil water relationships. J. Soil Water Cons. 53:241–244.

424 van Bruggen, A. H. C. et al. 2006.Relation between soil health, wave-like fluctuations in microbial populations, and soil-borne plant disease management. European J. of Plant Path. 115:105-122

425 van Santen, E. 2007. Personal communication. Auburn Univ, Alabama.

426 Varco, J. J., J.O. Sanford and J. E. Hairston. 1991. Yield and nitrogen content of legume cover crops grown in Mississippi. Research Report. Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station 16:10.

427 Wagger, M. G. 1989. Cover crop management and N rate in relation to growth and yield of no-till corn. Agron. J. 81:533–538.

428 Wagger, M. G. and D. B. Mengel. 1988. The role of nonleguminous cover crops in the efficient use of water and nitrogen. p. 115–128. In W. L. Hargrove (ed.). Cropping Strategies for Efficient Use of Water and Nitrogen. ASA Spec. Publ. 51. ASA, CSSA, SSSA, Madison, Wisc.

429 Wander, M. M. et al. 1994. Organic and conventional management effects on biologically active soil organic matter pools. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 58:1120-1139.

430 Washington State Univ. 2007. Mustard green manures. WSU Cooperative Extension.

431 Weaver, D. B. et al. 1995. Comparison of crop rotation and fallow for management of Heterodera glycines and Meloidogyne spp. in soybean. J. Nematol. 27:585-591.

432 Weil, R. 2007. Personal communication. Univ of Maryland, College Park, MD.

433 Weil, R. and S. Williams. 2006. Brassica cover crops to alleviate soil compaction. 

434 Welty, L. et al. 1991. Effect of harvest management and nurse crop on production of five small-seeded legumes. Montana Ag Research 8:11-14.

435 Weitkamp, B. 1988, 1989. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

436 Weitkamp, B. and W. L. Graves. Medics, general. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

437 Wendt, R. C. and R. E. Burwell. 1985. Runoff and soil losses for conventional, reduced, and no-till corn. J. Soil Water Conserv. 40:450-454.

438 Westcott, M. P. et al.1991. Harvest management effects on yield and quality of small-seeded legumes in western Montana. Montana AgResearch 8:18-21.

439 Westcott, M. P. 1995. Managing alfalfa and berseem clover for forage and plowdown nitrogen in barley rotations. Agron. J. 87:1176-1181.

440 Weston, L. A., C. I. Nimbal and P. Jeandet. 1998. Allelopathic potential of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and related species. In Principles and Practices in Chemical Ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.

441 Weston, L. A. 1996. Utilization of allelopathy for weed management in agroecosystems. Agron. J. 88:860-866.

442 Wichman, D. et al. 1991. Berseem clover seeding rates and row spacings for Montana. Montana AgResearch 8:15-17.

443 Willard, C. J. 1927. An Experimental Study of Sweetclover. Ohio Agricultural Station Bulletin No. 405, Wooster, Ohio.

444 William, R. 1996. Influence of cover crop and non-crop vegetation on symphlan density in vegetable production systems in the Pacific NW. SARE Project Report #AW94-033.Western Region SARE. Logan, Utah. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/AW94-033

445 Williams, W. A. et al. 1990. Ryegrass. Univ. of Calif. SAREP Cover Crops Resource Page. www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/ccrop

446 Williams, S. M. and R. R. Weil. 2004. Crop cover root channels may alleviate soil compaction effects on soybean crop. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 68:1403-1409.

447 Williams, W. A. et al. 1991. Water efficient clover fixes soil nitrogen, provides winter forage crop. Calif. Ag. 45:30-32.

448 Wingard, C. 1996. Cover Crops in Integrated Vegetable Production Systems. SARE Project Report #PG95-033. Southern Region SARE. Griffin, GA. www.sare.org/projects

449 Wisconsin Integrated Cropping Systems Trial (WICST). https://wicst.wisc.edu/

450 Wolfe, D. 1994. Management strategies for improved soil quality with emphasis on soil compaction. SARE Project Report #LNE94-044. Northeast Region SARE. Burlington, Vt. https://projects.sare.org/sare_project/LNE94-044

451 Wolfe, D. 1997. Soil Compaction: Crop Response and Remediation. Report No. 63. Cornell Univ., Department of Fruit and Vegetable Science, Ithaca, N.Y.

452 Worsham, A. D. 1991. Role of cover crops in weed management and water quality. p. 141–152. In W. L. Hargrove (ed.). Cover Crops for Clean Water. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, Iowa.

453 Wright, S. F. and A. Upadhaya. 1998. A survey of soils for aggregate stability and glomalin, a glycoprotein produced by hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Plant Soil 198:97-107.

454 Yenish, J. P., A. D. Worsham and A. C. York. 1996. Cover crops for herbicide replacement in no-tillage corn (Zea mays). Weed Tech. 10:815- 821.

455 Yoshida, H. et al. 1993. Release of gramine from the surface of barley leaves. Phytochem. 34:1011-1013.

456 Zhu, Y. et al. 1998. Dry matter accumulation and dinitrogen fixation of annual Medicago species. Agron. J. 90:103-108.

457 Zhu, Y. et al. 1998. Inoculation and nitrogen affect herbage and symbiotic properties of annual Medicago species. Agron. J. 90:781-786.

458 Larkin, R. P. and T. S. Griffin. 2007. Control of soilborne potato diseases with Brassica green manures. Crop Protection. 26:1067-1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2006.10.004

459 Larkin, R. P., T. S. Griffin and C. W. Honeycutt. 2006. Crop rotation and cover crop effects on soilborne diseases of potato. Phytopath. 96:S48.

460 Larkin, R. P. and C. W. Honeycutt. 2006. Effects of different 3-year cropping systems on soil microbial communities and Rhizoctonia disease of potato. Phytopath. 96:68-79.