References
References
1. Spivak M, Reuter GS (2001a) Resistance to American foulbrood disease by honey bee colonies, Apis mellifera, bred for hygienic behavior. Apidologie 32: 555-565.
2. Spivak M (1996) Honey bee hygienic behavior and defense against Varroa jacobsoni. Apidologie 27: 245-260.
3. Spivak M, Reuter GS (1998a) Performance of hygienic honey bee colonies in a commercial apiary. Apidologie 29: 285-296.
4. Spivak M, Reuter GS (2001b) Varroa jacobsoni infestation in untreated honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies selected for hygienic behavior. J. Econ. Entomol 94: 326-331.
5. Spivak M, Downey D (1998) Field assays for hygienic behavior in honey bees (Apidae: Hymenoptera). J. Econ. Entomol. 91: 64-70.
6. Spivak M, Reuter GS (1998b) Honey bee hygienic behavior. Amer. Bee J. 138: 283- 286.
7. Masterman R, Ross R, Mesce K, Spivak M (2001) Olfactory and behavioral response thresholds to odors of diseased brood differ between hygienic and non-hygienic honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) J. Comp Physiol. A 187: 441-452.
8. Gramacho KP, Spivak M (2003) Differences in olfactory sensitivity and behavioral responses among honey bees bred for hygienic behavior. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 54: 472-479.
9. Spivak M, Masterman R, Ross R, Mesce KA (2003) Hygienic behavior in the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) and the modulatory role of octopamine. J. Neurobiol. 55: 341-354.
10. Spivak M, Gilliam M (1998) Hygienic behaviour of honey bees and its application for control of brood diseases and varroa mites. Parts I and II: Hygienic behaviour and resistance to American foulbrood. Bee World 79:124-134; 165-182.
11. Lapidge K, Oldroyd B, Spivak M (2002) Seven suggestive quantitative trait loci influence hygienic behavior of honey bees. Naturwissenschaften 89: 565-568.
About the Authors
Marla Spivak and Gary Reuter
Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota
SARE Fact Sheet # 03AGI2005
